Professor Mai Sato
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Overview
Overview
Biography
Professor Mai Sato is Director of the Institute for Crime and Justice Policy Research (ICPR) in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at Birkbeck, University of London (as of February 2025). A social scientist by training, Mai’s research focuses on enhancing the integrity of justice systems globally, with particular emphasis on the death penalty and the legitimacy of courts and police. In July 2024, the UN Human Rights Council appointed Mai as the fourth Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran since the mandate’s re-establishment.
Prior to joining Birkbeck, Mai was Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law, Monash University, Australia, where she served as the inaugural director of Eleos Justice (2020-2024), a specialist unit dedicated to anti-death penalty research, teaching and advocacy. She has also held academic posts at the School of Regulation and Global Governance (RegNet) at the Australian National University, the School of Law at the University of Reading, and the Centre for Criminology at the University of Oxford. Currently, she holds an adjunct professorship at the School of Arts and Social Sciences at Monash University Malaysia.
Mai holds a PhD from King's College London, where ICPR was formerly located. Her connection with ICPR dates back to the beginning of her academic career when she joined as a Research Fellow. She was also an intern at the International Centre for Prison Studies (ICPS), which later merged with ICPR.
Beyond her scholarly work, Mai is committed to advocacy. She co-founded the NGO CrimeInfo, which promotes the abolition of the death penalty in Japan, demonstrating her dedication to translating academic knowledge into meaningful social change.Web profiles
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Supervision and teaching
Supervision and teaching
Supervision
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Publications
Publications
Article
- Cunliffe, E. and Vinuesa, C.G. and Rego, R. and San Roque, M. and Edmond, G. and Gans, J. and Sato, Mai and Burridge, K. and Cordner, S. (2024) AAFS (Victorian branch) Symposium: Science and medicine in the courts—Learning from the wrongful conviction of Kathleen Folbigg. Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences pp. 1-22. ISSN 0045-0618.
- Alexander, Chris and Sato, Mai and Zanghellini, Aleardo (2023) State-enabled killing of same-sex-attracted people: a legal pluralist account. Law & Social Inquiry 48 (3), pp. 719-747. ISSN 0897-6546.
- Williamson, H. and Sato, Mai and Dioso-Villa, R. (2023) Wrongful convictions and erroneous acquittals: applying Packer’s Model to examine public perceptions of judicial errors in Australia. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 67 (8), pp. 783-802. ISSN 0306-624X.
- Domingo-Cabarrubias, L. and Woodlock, D. and Alexander, C. and Sato, Mai and Grant, G. and Weinberg, J. (2023) The role of technology in improving access to justice for victims of family violence: challenges and opportunities. Law, Technology and Humans 5 (1), pp. 1-10. ISSN 2652-4074.
- Finnane, M. and Sato, Mai and Trevaskes, S. (2022) Death penalty politics: the fragility of abolition in Asia and the Pacific. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 11 (3), ISSN 2202-8005.
- Sato, Mai (2022) Politics of international advocacy against the death penalty: governments as anti–death penalty crusaders. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 11 (3), pp. 1-11. ISSN 2202-7998.
- Alexander, C. and Sato, Mai (2022) State complicity in the extralegal killing of Ahmadi Muslims in Pakistan: a case for brutalisation. Griffith Journal of Law & Human Dignity 10 (1), pp. 30-52. ISSN 2203-3114.
- Zanghellini, A. and Sato, Mai (2021) A critical recuperation of Watsuji’s Rinrigaku. Philosophia 49 (3), pp. 1289-1307. ISSN 0048-3893.
- Sato, Mai and Hoyle, C. and Speechley, N.-E. (2017) Wrongful convictions of refugees and asylum seekers by the Criminal Cases Review Commission. Criminal Law Review 2, pp. 106-122. ISSN 0011-135X.
- Sato, Mai (2016) 世論という神話―望むのは「死刑」ですか?. 世界 (879), pp. 183-191. ISSN 0582-4532.
- Sato, Mai and Haverkamp, R. and Hough, Mike (2016) Trust in the German police. European Police Science and Research Bulletin pp. 83-90. ISSN 2443-7883.
- Sato, Mai and Hough, Mike (2016) Disrupting the market for trafficking of Rhino horn and ivory. Journal of Trafficking, Organised Crime and Security 2 (1), ISSN 2374-118X.
- Sato, Mai (2015) 日本の世論は死刑を支持しているのか. 法律時報 1082, pp. 63-71. ISSN 0387-3420.
- Sato, Mai and Hough, Mike (2015) Information and punitiveness: trial reconstruction in Ireland. Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 1 (2), pp. 90-98. ISSN 2056-3841.
- Sato, Mai (2014) Public attitudes to wrongful conviction in death penalty cases. Ryukoku Corrections and Rehabilitation Center Journal (4), pp. 71-74. ISSN 2186-8018.
- Sato, Mai (2012) Auf dem Prüfstein: Die Umgangsweise der japanischen Regierung mit der Todesstrafe. Monatsschrift für Kriminologie und Strafrechtsreform 95 (5), pp. 363-377. ISSN 0026-9301.
- Ellis, T. and Lewis, C. and Sato, Mai (2011) The Japanese probation service: a third sector template?. Probation Journal 58 (4), pp. 333-344. ISSN 0264-5505.
- Sato, Mai (2007) 司法と立法は世論とどのように向き合うべきか. 犯罪と非行 152, pp. 156-178. ISSN 0385-6518.
Book
- Chan, W.-C. and Sato, Mai and Hor, M., eds. (2025) Capital drug laws in Asia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781009513517.
- Sato, Mai and Babcock, S., eds. (2023) Silently silenced: state-sanctioned killing of women. Monash University and Cornell University.
- Hoyle, C. and Sato, Mai (2019) Reasons to doubt: wrongful convictions and The Criminal Cases Review Commission. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198794578.
- Sato, Mai (2014) The death penalty in Japan: will the public tolerate abolition?. Springer. ISBN 9783658006778.
Book Review
Book Section
- Domingo-Cabarrubias, L. and Sato, Mai (2025) Leadership from below? Networked governance in preventing the reintroduction of the death penalty in the Philippines. In: Chang, W.-C. and Sato, Mai and Hor, M. (eds.) Capital Drug Laws in Asia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781009513517.
- Sato, Mai and Domingo-Cabarrubias, L. (2025) Normative legitimacy of Iran’s capital drug law and its application. In: Chang, W.-C. and Sato, Mai and Hor, M. (eds.) Capital Drug Laws in Asia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781009513517.
- Sato, Mai and Wing-Cheong, C. and Hor, M. (2025) Introduction. In: Wing-Cheong, C. and Sato, Mai and Hor, M. (eds.) Capital Drug Laws in Asia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781009513517.
- Sato, Mai (2019) Reframing the debate on attitudes towards the death penalty. In: Steiker, C. and Steiker, J. (eds.) Comparative Capital Punishment. Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 301-318. ISBN 9781786433244.
- Sato, Mai (2018) From measuring support for the death penalty to justifying its retention: Japanese public opinion surveys on crime and punishment, 1956–2014. In: Liu, J. and Miyazawa, S. (eds.) Crime and Justice in Contemporary Japan. Springer Series on Asian Criminology and Criminal Justice Research. Springer. pp. 237-252. ISSN 2522-5545. ISBN 9783319693583.
- Sato, Mai (2017) Police legitimacy and public cooperation: is Japan an outlier in the procedural justice model?. In: Oberwittler, D. and Roché, S. (eds.) Police-Citizen Relations Across the World: Comparing sources and contexts of trust and legitimacy. Routledge Frontiers of Criminal Justice. Routledge. ISBN 9780367227692.
- Sato, Mai (2015) Vox populi, vox dei? A closer look at the ‘public opinion’ argument for retention. In: Šimonovic, I. (ed.) Moving away from the death penalty: arguments, trends and perspectives. United Nations. pp. 250-259. ISBN 9789211542158.
- Hough, Mike and Sato, Mai (2014) Report on compliance with the law: how normative and instrumental compliance interact. In: Maffei, S. and Markopoulou, L. (eds.) FIDUCIA: New European Crimes and Trust-Based Policy. FIDUCIA. pp. 1-20.
- Bacon, P. and Sato, Mai (2014) What role for nuclear power in Japan after Fukushima? A human security perspective. In: Bacon, P. and Hobson, C. (eds.) Human Security and Japan's Triple Disaster Responding to the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and Fukushima nuclear crisis. Routledge Humanitarian Studies. Routledge. pp. 160-179. ISBN 9781138013131.
- Sato, Mai (2013) Challenging the Japanese government’s approach to the death penalty. In: Hood, R. and Deva, S. (eds.) Confronting Capital Punishment in Asia. Oxford University Press. pp. 205-218. ISBN 9780199685776.
- Kury, H. and Sato, Mai (2013) Bewährungshilfe – Die Rolle der Freiwilligen Ein Vergleich zwischen Deutschland und Japan. In: Boers, K. and Feltes, T. and Kinzig, J. and Sherman, W.L. and Streng, F. and Trüg, G. (eds.) Kriminologie - Kriminalpolitik - Strafrecht: Festschrift für Hans-Jürgen Kerner zum 70. Geburtstag. Mohr Siebeck. pp. 637-650. ISBN 9783161522161.
- Kury, H. and Sato, Mai (2013) Volunteers in the probation service: a comparison between Germany and Japan. In: Durnescu, I. and McNeill, F. (eds.) Understanding Penal Practice. Routledge Frontiers of Criminal Justice. Routledge. pp. 92-108. ISBN 9780415635813.
- Sato, Mai and Hough, Mike (2013) Report on an empirical assessment of fear of crime & punitive sentiment across Europe. In: Maffei, S. and Markopoulou, L. (eds.) FIIDUCIA: New European Crimes and Trust-Based Policy. FIDUCIA. pp. 179-218.
- Hough, Mike and Sato, Mai (2011) Why measure trust in justice. In: Hough, Mike and Sato, Mai (eds.) Trust in justice: why it is important for criminal policy, and how it can be measured. Helsinki, Finland: HEUNI. pp. 10-17. ISBN 9789525333848.
- Sato, Mai and Hough, Mike (2011) Introduction. In: Hough, Mike and Sato, Mai (eds.) Trust in justice: why it is important for criminal policy, and how it can be measured.. Helsinki, Finland: HEUNI. pp. 6-9. ISBN 9789525333848.
- Sato, Mai and Kimura, M. and Honjo, T. (2011) 死刑をめぐる輿論と世論:審議型意識調査の結果から. In: Fukui, A. (ed.) 死刑と向きあう裁判員のために. 現代人文社. ISSN 9784877984793. ISBN 9784877984793.
- Sato, Mai (2010) 裁判員は死刑判決を適切に行えるか: 死刑に対する態度と知識. In: 季刊 刑事弁護. pp. 121-125. ISBN 9784877984410.
- Sato, Mai (2007) Public opinion and the death penalty in Japan. In: Hodgkinson, P. and Gyllensten, L. (eds.) Centre for Capital Punishment Studies, Occasional Papers. London, UK: Centre for Capital Punishment Studies, University of Westminster. pp. 101-139.
Monograph
- Sato, Mai (2025) Situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran - Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran. A/HRC/58/62. Report to the United Nations Human Rights Council pp. 1-21. United Nations.
- Sato, Mai (2024) Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Mai Sato - Vision and priorities of the mandate. Report to the United Nation's General Assembly pp. 1-15. United Nations.
- Alexander, C. and Sato, Mai (2024) Abolishing the death penalty through constitutional challenge. Eleos Justice, Monash University Eleos Justice.
- Kowal, S. and Walker, S. and Ashraf, Z. and Sato, Mai (2022) A deadline distraction: why the death penalty is not the answer to rape in South Asia. Monash University.
- Woodlock, D. and Alexander, C. and Domingo-Cabarrubias, L. and Zong, C. and Cao, K. and Weinburg, J. and Grant, G. and Sato, Mai (2022) Legal tech for justice - Enhancing access to justice in family violence legal services. Report submitted to the Victorian Government, Australia. Monash University.
- Alexander, C. and Sato, Mai and Hosen, N. and McLaren, J. (2021) Killing in the name of God: state-sanctioned violation of religious freedom. Monash University.
- Sato, Mai and Alexander, C. (2021) State-sanctioned killing of sexual minorities: looking beyond the death penalty. Victoria, Australia: Monash University.
- Sato, Mai (2018) 12 years without an execution: is Zimbabwe ready for abolition?. The Death Penalty Project.
- Sato, Mai and Bacon, P. (2015) Public opinion myth: why Japan retains the death penalty. The Death Penalty Project.
- Sato, Mai and Hough, Mike (2015) Measurement of trust & satisfaction in Police and Gendarmerie based on International Instruments: findings from a national opinion poll in Turkey. Ankara, Turkey: The United Nations.
- Brandon, G. and Sato, Mai and Tagusari, M. and Lehrfreund, S. and Jabbar, P. (2014) The inevitability of error: the administration of justice in death penalty cases. The Death Penalty Project.
- Sato, Mai and Johnson, D. and Tagusari, M. and Lehrfreund, S. and Jabbar, P. (2013) The death penalty in Japan: an international perspective. A report on Japan’s legal obligations under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and an assessment of public attitudes to capital punishment. London, UK: The Death Penalty Project.
- Hough, Mike and Sato, Mai (2011) Trust in justice: why it is important for criminal policy, and how it can be measured. Helsinki, Finland: Euro-Justis Project.
Other
- Sato, Mai (2023) Singapore’s death penalty for drug trafficking: what the research says and doesn’t. Academia SG Academia SG.